Which States Tax Social Security Benefits?
Here's what you need to know if you live in one of the states that taxes Social Security income.
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In 2025, nine states tax Social Security income: Colorado, Connecticut, Minnesota, Montana, New Mexico, Rhode Island, Utah, Vermont and West Virginia. Here’s how that can affect your retirement if you live in one of those states.
States that tax Social Security benefits
The following nine states tax Social Security benefits in 2025. The amount of state tax you’ll pay depends on factors such as your adjusted gross income (AGI), tax-filing status and, in some cases, your age. Keep in mind that tax laws can (and often do) change. Consult your state tax authority for the most up-to-date information.
Colorado
Colorado taxes Social Security benefits for taxpayers who receive over a certain amount in benefits. For taxpayers between age 55 and 54, the first $20,000 of retirement benefits are not taxable; taxpayers age 65 and older are not taxed on any of their Social Security benefits.
Connecticut
Connecticut taxes Social Security benefits if your AGI is over $75,000 ($100,000 if married filing jointly). People with AGIs above those thresholds may get an exemption of up to 25% of their total benefits..
Minnesota
Minnesota taxes Social Security benefits for people with AGIs over $84,490 ($108,320 if married filing jointly or $54,160 if married filing separately).
Montana
Any federally taxable Social Security income is included in Montana taxable income as calculated for federal tax purposes.
New Mexico
New Mexico taxes Social Security benefits for taxpayers with more than $100,000 in income ($75,000 if married filing separately or $150,000 if a surviving spouse, head of household or married filing jointly).
Rhode Island
Rhode Island taxes Social Security benefits if you begin receiving retirement benefits before you reach Social Security’s full retirement age (usually 67) or if your AGI is over $107,000 if you file as single, head of household or married filing separately ($133,750 for married filing jointly).
Utah
Utah taxes Social Security benefits for taxpayers who make over $54,000 ($90,000 if head of household or married filing jointly; $45,000 if married filing separately). People under those thresholds may qualify for a nonrefundable tax credit.
Vermont
Vermont taxes all or part of Social Security for taxpayers with AGIs above $50,000 ($65,000 if married filing jointly). .
West Virginia
Vermont taxes 35% of Social Security benefits.
States that do not tax Social Security benefits
Most states do not tax Social Security benefits. They include:
Alabama.
Alaska.
Arizona.
Arkansas.
California.
Delaware.
Florida.
Georgia.
Hawaii.
Idaho.
Illinois.
Indiana.
Iowa.
Kentucky.
Louisiana.
Maine.
Maryland.
Massachusetts.
Michigan.
Mississippi.
Missouri.
Nebraska.
Nevada.
New Hampshire.
New Jersey.
New York.
North Carolina.
North Dakota.
Ohio.
Oklahoma.
Oregon.
Pennsylvania.
South Carolina.
South Dakota.
Tennessee.
Texas.
Virginia.
How to reduce the tax burden on Social Security benefits
Paying any amount of tax on your Social Security benefits can feel like a big hit, but there are a few ways you might be able to lessen the taxable load.
Lower your income. Because states that tax Social Security benefits usually do so based on your AGI, adjusting the total amount of money that you bring in each year to stay below the thresholds, where possible, could mean paying less in Social Security tax, or even avoiding it altogether.
Delay taking Social Security payments. If you have access to other income in retirement from accounts that aren’t subject to taxation at withdrawal — such as a Roth IRA — consider taking money from those first to delay claiming your Social Security.
Pay taxes over time. Paying throughout the year — rather than in one large lump sum once a year — can help lessen the blow. You can ask the Social Security Administration to withhold estimated federal income taxes from your Social Security check; consult with your state’s department of revenue to see if this is also an option for your state Social Security tax.
