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What Is a SIMPLE IRA Plan? How It Works, Rules and FAQs

A SIMPLE IRA (Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees) can be an easy way to offer a retirement savings plan.

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A SIMPLE IRA plan (Savings Incentive Match Plan for Employees) can be a way for small-business employees and self-employed people to save for retirement. SIMPLE IRA accounts allow both employee and employer contributions.

What is a SIMPLE IRA?

A SIMPLE IRA is a type of tax-deferred retirement plan for small businesses with fewer than 100 employees. While it is considered an employer-sponsored retirement plan — and employer contributions are mandatory — its investment, distribution and rollover rules make it more similar to an IRA.
Additionally, if you work for yourself, you’re also allowed to contribute to a SIMPLE IRA, although there may be better retirement plan options for self-employed people.

SIMPLE IRA vs. IRA

Contributions to SIMPLE IRAs and traditional IRAs are tax-deferred, meaning they decrease your taxable income for the year. Investment growth is tax-deferred until you start taking distributions after age 59 ½.
A provision in the Secure 2.0 Act allows employers to offer a Roth version of the SIMPLE IRA. Like other Roth IRAs, there is no immediate tax deduction for contributions to a SIMPLE IRA, but distributions in retirement are tax-free.

SIMPLE IRA vs. 401(k)

In some ways, SIMPLE IRAs are like 401(k) plans: Eligible employees indicate how much (if anything) of each paycheck they want to contribute to the account, and the money is automatically diverted into the worker’s individual investment account. The big difference is how much employees can contribute.

SIMPLE IRA contribution limits for 2025 and 2026

The employee contribution limit for a SIMPLE IRA is $16,500 in 2025 and $17,000 in 2026. Because of the Secure 2.0 Act, some plans allow for an increased contribution limit of $18,100 in 2026.
This higher contribution amount is available if the employer has no more than 25 employees. For employers with 26 to 100 employees, the higher limit may apply if the employer also provides either a 3% employer contribution or a 4% matching contribution. Consult your employer or plan administrator if you're not sure how much you can contribute.

SIMPLE IRA catch-up contributions

People age 50 and older can make an additional SIMPLE IRA catch-up contribution of $3,500 in 2025 and $4,000 in 2026. If you are eligible for the higher deferral limit due to the Secure 2.0 Act, that catch-up contribution limit is $3,850 in both 2025 and 2026. The higher catch-up limit for those who are 60, 61, 62 or 63 is $5,250 in both years.

Employer contributions

Employer contributions to a SIMPLE IRA are mandatory and can be made using one of two methods:
  1. Provide matching contributions up to 3% of the employee’s pay, not limited by any annual compensation limit.
  2. Make nonelective contributions equal to 2% of the employee’s compensation based on a maximum salary of $350,000 in 2025 and $360,000 in 2026.
Employers can make additional contributions to each employee, as long as the contribution does not exceed the lesser of up to 10% of compensation or $5,000 . Employer contributions need to be made by the income tax deadline, or by the extension deadline if applicable.
» Thinking about the future? Learn about succession planning for your business

Benefits of a SIMPLE IRA

Benefits for employers

For employers, SIMPLE IRAs have start-up and operating costs that are generally lower than setting up a 401(k) plan. Employers get a tax deduction for their contributions to employees’ accounts.

Benefits for employees

  • Employer contributions.
  • Eligibility requirements are low. In general, you’re eligible to participate in a SIMPLE IRA if you’ve received at least $5,000 in compensation during any two preceding calendar years and expect to earn at least that much during the calendar year of participation. But the IRS also allows employers to offer these accounts to employees who don’t meet these standards .
  • Employer contributions vest immediately. With no vesting period, you have 100% ownership of all the money in your SIMPLE IRA.
  • The IRS lets individuals contribute to other retirement savings plans at the same time. That’s handy if, for example, you have more than one job that offers an employer-sponsored retirement plan or if you also want to contribute to a traditional or Roth IRA.
  • Investment choices tend to outnumber what’s offered in 401(k)s. Instead of being limited to whatever mutual funds a 401(k) plan administrator chooses, you can invest in stocks, bonds, mutual funds and any other investments offered by the IRA provider.

Drawbacks of SIMPLE IRA plans

The contribution limits for SIMPLE IRA plans are lower than other workplace retirement plans. Other downsides include:
» Looking to open an IRA? Here are our top picks for the best IRA accounts
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Is a SIMPLE IRA right for me?

The answer depends on whether you're an employee or the employer.

For employees

  • Anyone who has access to the plan at work and wants to maximize their savings may want to consider participating in the SIMPLE IRA plan to get the free money.
  • If your plan provides the automatic 2% employer contribution, you’ll get that money even if you elect not to divert any of your salary. 
  • If the employer contribution is offered by matching funds, you must sign up to contribute a portion of your salary to earn the match.
  • You can still save in other types of retirement savings accounts in addition to a SIMPLE IRA, such as a traditional or Roth IRA. These IRA accounts have a separate contribution limit from the SIMPLE IRA — $7,000 for 2025 ($8,000 if aged 50 and older). For 2026, the limit is $7,500 ($8,600 if aged 50 and older).

For business owners

If you're a solo business owner or self-employed and your goal is to maximize your own retirement savings, there are other retirement savings plans that have higher contribution limits:
  • A solo 401(k) is intended for business owners with no employees, though there is an exception for employed spouses who earn an income from the business. For 2025, the total solo 401(k) contribution limit (the combined employer and employee contribution) was $70,000 or 100% of earned income, whichever is less. Those over age 50 can add an extra $7,500 as a catch-up contribution, but individuals between ages 60 to 63 are eligible to add a larger contribution of $11,250 due to Secure Act 2.0. For 2026, the limit rises to $72,000 for those under age 50, with a catch-up contribution of $8,000. The higher limit for those between ages 60 to 63 remains the same.
  • A SEP IRA (Simplified Employee Pension Individual Retirement Account) is a lot like a SIMPLE IRA. But like a solo 401(k), the contribution limits are much higher: The SEP IRA contribution limit is the lesser of 25% of compensation or $70,000 in 2025 and $72,000 in 2026.
If you own a small business with employees, a SIMPLE IRA might be attractive if you want to offer your employees a retirement plan but would like to avoid the extra administrative costs that can come with a 401(k). Just keep in mind that some employees may still want a 401(k) because of its higher contribution limits.
The Secure 2.0 Act made it easier to replace SIMPLE IRA offerings with 401(k)s: Employers can make the switch mid-year, rather than at year-end, so long as the new 401(k) plan is in place by the time the SIMPLE IRA is terminated .
» Read more about how to choose between a SIMPLE IRA and a 401(k)
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