Property Damage Liability: What It Is and How it Works

Nerdy takeaways

Property damage liability is a type of auto insurance coverage that pays for damage to another person’s property if you’re at fault in an accident.
Most states require a minimum amount of property damage liability coverage.
Buying more than your state’s requirements offers more financial protection.

You might see several types of car insurance coverage included in your policy. If you cause an accident that damages someone’s property, your property damage liability insurance will cover the costs, up to your policy limits.

Property damage liability covers damage to other cars, buildings and structures, like fences and telephone poles. However, property damage liability won’t cover injuries you cause in a crash. It also won’t pay for damage to your car — you’ll need comprehensive and collision coverage on your policy for those repair costs.

Here’s how property damage liability coverage works and how much you need.

All your insurance info, all in one place.

See your policies anytime, anywhere. Get notified when it's time to renew or shop to save on your insurance. Link your insurance to your free NerdWallet account to get started.

Start for free

What property damage liability covers

Property damage liability insurance covers damage to someone else’s property after a car accident you cause. It also covers damage caused by someone else driving your car with permission. More specifically, property damage liability pays for damage to:

The other person’s car, including paying for any diminished, or reduced, value to the car as a result of the crash.
Buildings and other structures, like lampposts and fences, including government property.
Trees and other landscaping.

Property damage liability may also cover legal expenses if you’re sued.

How property damage liability works

Property damage liability insurance typically has a “per accident” limit and no deductible. This means the coverage pays out after an accident you cause, but only up to the amount stated in your policy. If you cause another accident, the coverage will, again, pay out up to that policy limit.

If you damage someone else’s property while driving, provide your insurance information to the property owner. They can contact your insurance company to start the claims process. Your insurer will work with the other party to assess the damage and pay for repairs, up to your policy’s property damage liability limits. Because of the claim, you will likely see your rates increase at your next policy renewal.

🤓Nerdy Tip

Liability insurance is typically represented in three numbers on a policy, like “25/50/10.” The first two numbers represent how much bodily injury coverage you have per person and per accident, respectively, while the third is the policy’s property damage liability limit.

Let’s say your car insurance policy has a property damage liability limit of $10,000. While driving, you rear-end a car at a red light and cause $4,500 in damage to the other driver’s vehicle. Your insurer would cover all of the repair costs because the total is lower than your policy’s property damage liability limit.

But if that accident caused $10,500 in damage to another person’s car and property, your insurer would only pay up to your policy’s property damage liability limit. So for this example, your insurance would cover $10,000 of the repair costs and you would be responsible for the remaining $500.

» MORE: Liability insurance definition

How much property damage liability you need

Most states, with the exception of Virginia and some areas in Alaska, require all drivers to have a minimum amount of property damage liability coverage. Liability-only car insurance is the cheapest option for drivers, but it is also the bare minimum you need to legally drive.

State-mandated minimum car insurance requirements

State	Requirements
Alabama	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident
Alaska	(Car insurance is optional for certain remote residents) $50,000 bodily injury liability per person $100,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident
Arizona	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $15,000 property damage liability per accident
Arkansas	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident
California	$15,000 bodily injury liability per person $30,000 bodily injury liability per accident $5,000 property damage liability per accident
Colorado	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $15,000 property damage liability per accident
Connecticut	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident $25,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per person $50,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per accident
Delaware	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $10,000 property damage liability per accident $15,000 personal injury protection per person $30,000 personal injury protection per accident
Florida	$10,000 property damage liability per accident $10,000 personal injury protection
Georgia	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident
Hawaii	$20,000 bodily injury liability per person $40,000 bodily injury liability per accident $10,000 property damage liability per accident $10,000 personal injury protection
Idaho	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $15,000 property damage liability per accident
Illinois	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $20,000 property damage liability per accident $25,000 uninsured motorist coverage per person $50,000 uninsured motorist coverage per accident
Indiana	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident
Iowa	$20,000 bodily injury liability per person $40,000 bodily injury liability per accident $15,000 property damage liability per accident
Kansas	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident $25,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per person $50,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per accident Personal injury protection including $4,500 in medical expenses, up to $900 per month for a year for disability or loss of income, $25 per day for in-home services, $2,000 for funeral burial or cremation costs, and $4,500 for rehabilitation Survivors benefits including up to $900 per month for a year for disability or loss of income and $25 per day for in-home services
Kentucky	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident Or a policy with a single limit of $60,000
Louisiana	$15,000 bodily injury liability per person $30,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident
Maine	$50,000 bodily injury liability per person $100,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident $50,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per person $100,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per accident $2,000 medical payments coverage Or a combined single liability limit of $125,000
Maryland	$30,000 bodily injury liability per person $60,000 bodily injury liability per accident $15,000 property damage liability per accident $30,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per person $60,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per accident $15,000 uninsured/underinsured property damage coverage per accident
Massachusetts	$20,000 bodily injury liability per person $40,000 bodily injury liability per accident $5,000 property damage liability per accident $20,000 uninsured motorist coverage per person $40,000 uninsured motorist coverage per accident $8,000 personal injury protection
Michigan	$50,000 bodily injury liability per person $100,000 bodily injury liability per accident $10,000 property damage liability per accident outside Michigan $1 million property protection within Michigan $250,000* personal injury protection *Lower PIP limits available for certain Medicare and Medicaid recipients.
Minnesota	$30,000 bodily injury liability per person $60,000 bodily injury liability per accident $10,000 property damage liability per accident $25,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per person $50,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per accident $40,000 personal injury protection
Mississippi	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident
Missouri	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident $25,000 uninsured motorist coverage per person $50,000 uninsured motorist coverage per accident
Montana	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $20,000 property damage liability per accident
Nebraska	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident $25,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per person $50,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per accident
Nevada	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $20,000 property damage liability per accident
New Hampshire	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident $25,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per person $50,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per accident $25,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist property damage coverage $1,000 medical payments coverage
New Jersey	$5,000 property damage liability per accident $15,000 personal injury protection
New Mexico	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $10,000 property damage liability per accident
New York	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $50,000 liability for death per person $100,000 liability for death per accident $10,000 property damage liability per accident $25,000 uninsured motorist bodily injury coverage per person $50,000 uninsured motorist bodily injury coverage per accident $50,000 personal injury protection
North Carolina	$30,000 bodily injury liability per person $60,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident $30,000 uninsured motorist coverage per person $60,000 uninsured motorist coverage per accident $25,000 uninsured motorist property damage coverage per accident
North Dakota	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident $25,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per person $50,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per accident $30,000 personal injury protection
Ohio	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident
Oklahoma	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident
Oregon	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $20,000 property damage liability per accident $25,000 uninsured motorist coverage per person $50,000 uninsured motorist coverage per accident $15,000 personal injury protection
Pennsylvania	$15,000 bodily injury liability per person $30,000 bodily injury liability per accident $5,000 property damage liability per accident $5,000 medical benefits
Rhode Island	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident
South Carolina	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident $25,000 uninsured motorist coverage per person $50,000 uninsured motorist coverage per accident $25,000 uninsured motorist property damage coverage
South Dakota	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident $25,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per person $50,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per accident
Tennessee	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident
Texas	$30,000 bodily injury liability per person $60,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident
Utah	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $65,000 bodily injury liability per accident $15,000 property damage liability per accident $3,000 personal injury protection
Vermont	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $10,000 property damage liability per accident $50,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per person $100,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per accident $10,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist property damage coverage per accident
Virginia	(Minimum limits if a driver purchases car insurance, which is optional. Drivers who don’t purchase insurance pay a $500 fee.) $30,000 bodily injury liability per person $60,000 bodily injury liability per accident $20,000 property damage liability per accident $30,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per person $60,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per accident $20,000 uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage per accident
Washington	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $10,000 property damage liability per accident
Washington, D.C.	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $10,000 property damage liability per accident $25,000 uninsured motorist coverage per person $50,000 uninsured motorist coverage per accident $5,000 uninsured motorist property damage coverage per accident
West Virginia	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $25,000 property damage liability per accident $25,000 uninsured motorist coverage per person $50,000 uninsured motorist coverage per accident $25,000 uninsured motorist property damage coverage
Wisconsin	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $10,000 property damage liability per accident $25,000 uninsured motorist coverage per person $50,000 uninsured motorist coverage per accident
Wyoming	$25,000 bodily injury liability per person $50,000 bodily injury liability per accident $20,000 property damage liability per accident

Unfortunately, state-mandated car insurance minimums may not be enough to fully cover all property damage you might cause. And drivers with a high net worth could face large financial losses if they’re held responsible for damages above their liability insurance limits.

Ideally, you’d have enough property damage liability coverage on your policy that you don’t need to pay out of pocket if you cause an accident. The average cost of damage from a crash in which there is only property damage is $5,700 per vehicle, according to the most recent data from the National Safety Council

National Safety Council. Costs of Motor-Vehicle Injuries.

View all sources

. But damage can far exceed that amount in a major crash, especially if you crash into a newer, expensive vehicle, like a sports or luxury car.

» MORE: Compare auto insurance rates

You’re our first priority.
Every time.

Property Damage Liability: What It Is and How It Works

All your insurance info, all in one place.

What property damage liability covers

How property damage liability works

How much property damage liability you need

Free car insurance comparison

Compare Car Insurance Rates

What Is Full Coverage Car Insurance?

Cheap Car Insurance